Wednesday, July 31, 2019

Nutrition and Fitness Essay

Healthy nutrition and fitness are critical to superior wellbeing and are vital for the strong growth of children and adults alike. A large number of deaths in the United States each year are related to unhealthy nutrition and an inactive standard of living. This paper will discuss my current fitness and nutritional habits and ways that I can improve them by implementing new activities into my daily lifestyle. a.Explain your current fitness and nutritional habits. Also, briefly explain some of the health risks associated with obesity. For starters, my current fitness and nutritional habits are in a roller-coaster effect. During the last four months my fitness habits have consisted of exercising for two or three weeks then not exercising for two or three weeks again. However, what I was doing for five weeks straight up until last week was a 90 day fitness program called P90x. P90x is an at-home workout that uses the term â€Å"muscle confusion† to increase results. Whether â€Å"muscle confusion† truly exists or not can be argued, but the fitness term â€Å"muscle tension† has been confirmed through numerous fitness experts. Here is an example of one week’s workout: Monday-60 minutes of push-up/pull-up alternating exercises, followed by a 15 minute abdominal workout; Tuesday-60 minutes of plyometrics cardio (fancy term for â€Å"jump training†); Wednesday-60 minutes of back and bicep workout alternating exercises, followed by a 15 minute abdominal workout; Thursday-90 minutes of Yoga; Friday-60 minutes of legs and back workout, followed by a 15 minute abdominal workout; Saturday-Kenpo X (another form of Tae-Bo); Sunday-rest. For the first time in a very long time, I believe that my fitness habits have been much better than previous times. However, my nutritional habits have been devastating to my workouts and achieving the results that I am looking for. My breakfast and lunch eating habits have not been unhealthy. My breakfast typically consists of two Kellog’s Nutrigrain Bars with a glass of 2% milk. I am not a big breakfast person and my appetite is always minimal when I wake up. If I do not have a Nutrigrain bars for breakfast I will have either a protein shake or a bowl of Raisin Bran. For lunch I either have some type of carbohydrate (spaghetti/pasta) or a cold sandwich, such as tuna  or turkey accompanied with a small side of potato chips. For dinner I eat whatever my wife or I cook (all nutritional rules are out the window for dinner). On top of all the previous mentioned, I consume approximately one gallon (128 fl. Oz.) of water a day beginning in the morning up until the time I go to be d. Some of the health risks associated with obesity are cholesterol and triglyceride levels, impaired heart function, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, cancer, impaired immune function, gallbladder and kidney diseases, skin problems, impotence, sleep and breathing disorders, back pain, arthritis, other bone and joint disorders, complications of pregnancy, menstrual irregularities, urine leakage, increased surgical risk, and psychological disorders and problems such as depression, low self-esteem, and body dissatisfaction (Insel & Roth, 2008). b.Identify and describe three new fitness habits that you could reasonably incorporate into your lifestyle. How could these new habits improve your health?Three new fitness habits that I could incorporate into my lifestyle are getting more sleep at night, attempting to run in the morning for 20-30 minutes prior to going to work, and on my rest day (Sunday) doing a stretching routine for approximately 30 minutes. Sleeping more at night will result in more energy throughout the day, running in the morning will give me a more alert approach to starting my day, and stretching will improve my overall ability for muscle growth by increasing flexibility in my body. c.Identify and describe three new nutritional habits that you could reasonably incorporate into your lifestyle. How could these new habits improve your health?Three new nutritional habits that I could incorporate into my lifestyle would be eating a healthier and more plentiful breakfast, as breakfast has been said to be the most important meal of the day, eating more fruits and vegetables, and to not eat after 6:00 PM. Eating a healthier and more fulfilling breakfast will increase energy and alertness throughout the day. Eating more fruits and vegetables is important because they are important sources of dietary fiber, vitamins, and minerals which is crucial for a healthy diet (Insel & Roth, 2008), and not eating after 6:00 PM will  improve the way I feel prior to going to bed, as in not feeling overstuffed with food. d.Discuss how each new habit would promote healthy weight. Sleeping at least seven hours at night would increase the likelihood of higher weight loss (Bouchez, 2007). Running is a form of cardiovascular fitness and since metabolism in the body is strongest when a person first wakes up, with the exception of sleeping, this exercise in the morning will most likely increase my metabolism throughout the day compared to not running in the morning. In short, the higher the metabolism is in the body will result in the higher probability of weight loss (Woodward, 2009). Stretching on what would typically be my rest day would allow my body to be better at physical fitness activities such as weight training and cardiovascular fitness. In addition to less likelihood of pulling or straining a muscle, stretching would increase my ability to burn more calories, therefore, simplifying my ability to sustain a healthy weight. Additionally, Elisabetta Politi, RD, MPH, nutrition manager for the Duke Diet and Fitness Center at Duke University Medical School (2005) states, â€Å"When you don’t eat breakfast, you’re actually fasting for 15 to 20 hours, so you’re not producing the enzymes needed to metabolize fat to lose weight.† Eating more fruits and vegetables throughout the day would help balance my intake of foods according to the food pyramid. Last, not eating after 6:00 PM is crucial to weight loss (Levinson, 2008). People tend to eat more at night without realizing it. One major cause for this is evenings are when most people lounge around the house or watch a movie or their favorite television program, and eat mass amounts of calories without noticing. Making an extra effort to not eat after 6:00 PM would help reduce these types of unhealthy eating habits. e.Discuss how each new habit would benefit your health in general. Sleeping at least seven hours at night, running in the morning before work, stretching on my rest days, eating breakfast everyday, ensuring I eat fruits  and vegetables, and not eating after 6:00 PM will collectively have an overall benefit on my health. To endure a healthy life one must eat right according to the food pyramid suggestions, get plenty of sleep, exercise regularly, eat the proper foods at the proper times of the day, avoid unhealthy foods and detrimental health choices such as smoking, and develop constructive ways to deal with stress. By performing all the previously mentioned activities in this paper, I, along with other who follow these or other healthy habits, will improve overall health in general. Conclusion This paper discussed my current lifestyle and how I can incorporate new ways of improving my overall health. Although I will not make any promises that I will change my current fitness habits, as I do not wish to exercise twice a day everyday, I do acknowledge my lack of nutrition and the need for improvement. Therefore, I will do my best starting today, to improve my overall health by following my own suggestions for a healthier lifestyle. References Bouchez, Colette. (2005). The Dream Diet: Losing Weight While You Sleep. WebMD. Retrieved July 28, 2009, from http://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/guide/lose-weight-while-sleepingInsel, Paul M., & Roth, Walton T. (2008). Core Concepts of Health. Retrieved from https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/content/eBookLibrary2/content/ereader.aspx?assetmetaid=0888a650-2b5a-4424-b9ae-57b032e4b83a&assetdataid=b2ae1aa0-300e-4fe0-8c52-3d1500fd0d59. Levinson, Mike. (2008, October 13). Eating After 6 pm: Why It’s Bad For You [blog]. Message posted to http://www.diet.com/dietblogs/read_blog.php?title=Eating+After+6+pm%3A+ Why+It%5C’s+Bad+For+You&blid=12884Politi, Elisabetta. (2005). Lose Weight: Eat Breakfast. WebMD. Retrieved July 28, 2009, from http://www.webmd.com/diet/features/lose-weight-eat-breakfastWoodward, Susan. (2009). Boosting Metabolism. MSN Health & Fitness. Retrieved July 28, 2009, from http://health.msn.com/fitness/articlepage.aspx?cp-documentid=100096731

Tuesday, July 30, 2019

Roman Government Compared to United States Government

Brooke BulfBulf 1 Mr. Vansant L. A 19 march 2013 The government from ancient Rome had a big impact on our modern government. Our senate is modeled after the Ancient Roman government. Although there are some similarities there are many differences between the Roman government and the U. S government. At first early Rome was ruled by kings and in 510 B. C Romans agreed that a king would never rule them again. The last king was the most unpopular because he ruled in the worst way. His name was Tarquinus. He ruled without telling the council his ideas. He also put to death anyone he pleased.The Romans drove Tarquinus out of Rome. One similarity from ancient Rome and our government is the Senate. For example a senator is a person from the government in Rome that is also in the modern government. Our Senators for the state of California are Barbara Boxer and Dianne Feinstein. A senator in the United States acts as a representative in Congress. There are two senators elected in each state t herefore there are 100 senator within the U. S. A senator in ancient Rome was a little different. Their senate was chosen from patricians’. Patricians were considered the upper class of Rome.Senators were usually relatives of past senators. They were also the people who made up the laws and controlled much of the spending. Although ancient Rome had senator the emperor was the ultimate ruler. Romans did not elect people to the senate. They were chosen from the Bulf 2 council and there were hundreds of senators. One of the differences in the government of the United States and ancient Rome is the United States has a two party system, Democrats and Republicans, but Romans had an emperor. Within our two party systems a president is elected into office and the Romans chose an emperor based on their social status.Our president serves a four-year term and no more than two terms. Emperors had no term limits and served for life. One of the similarities of the United States and ancient Rome includes their government started out as a republic. By definition a republic means, â€Å"A state in which  the supreme power rests in the body of citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by representatives chosen directly or indirectly by them. † The romans divided their citizens into citizens, noncitizens, and slaves. The citizens were then divided again into patricians and plebeians. These people had more right than the other noncitizens.There were also equestrians were rich men who served in the army. It was very possible to change ranks in Roman society. Equestrians could become senators and many roman citizens had slave ancestors. Some slave or freemen (ex-slaves) ran the civil service. Women in Rome were expected to be good wives and mothers. They were in charge of the life in the house. Girls were educated to primary level if at all. Wealthy woman enjoyed their independence. Large numbers of women were slaves. If you were wealthy it consist of play and scho ol. Some Roman fathers would educate their own children. A school day typically ran from dawn to noon.Some parents who were very poor couldn’t feed their children and they left them out to die. Family was vey important to the Romans. The paterfamiliases were wealthy Bulf 3 families. The husband had the power from life to death of his children. The men were the masters of the house and the family. During the day, they worked outside of the home. If you were a rich man you would begin your day by putting on a toga and eating breakfast with bread, cheese, honey, and water. A rich man would start his work by writing letters to other Romans, seeing clients, and going to the forum to meet other businessmen.Poor men were craftsmen, shopkeepers, or farmers. Also if you were a poor man you would start work at delight. Poor men only had bread for breakfast. Rome territory included an area that is now more than 30 countries. The size of The Roman Empire led to its fall. Since the area w as so huge, barbarian tribes started to invade the borders and slowly the Roman Empire fell. In fact Rome’s area was so large it was split into western and eastern empires with separate government and emperor for each territory. Rome covered most of Europe, most of North Africa, and some of Asia. That massive rea created problems for the Roman Empire which led to the western and eastern split. This made it easier to protect their land. Western Rome controlled Europe and North Africa including the city of Rome. Eastern Rome controlled Turkey and parts of Asia and included the city of Byzantium. In conclusion ancient Rome was a very interesting place with a government and normal life. Our government has both similarities and differences of the ancient Roman government. It was interesting to learn how large Rome was and the vast area that was hard to control. Based on what I learned I would prefer to be in the wealthy social status of ancient Rome.

Monday, July 29, 2019

Analysis of the Film Psycho

The movie Psycho is a story about a woman named Jaine Leigh named Marion Crane. The movie starts with a bedroom scene where Marion starts talking about her future with her lover Sam. After a short encounter with Sam, she returned to work and was exposed to $ 40,000 in cash. With such huge money, Marion ran away with money; this meant that she wanted to run away with Sam and they could start again. Along the way, she stopped at the motel, became the site of her murder, and is about to explore more sites. Alfred Hitchcock writes a journal article on the analysis of movie 'psychology'. This is argued as one of the great pictures as one of the psycho film's attractions. I will explain the specific technique Hitchcock used to give the audience a sense of tension and create a suspense. With low budget, very basic special effects, black and white photography, Alfred Hitchcock 's psychology still overcome pending issues and competed with today' s big hit. For many years many people have begu n to believe that despite myriad scientific research, psychodynamic concepts and treatments are not as effective as other treatments. However, in Shedler (2010), as the misunderstanding of the concept of psychodynamics and the ineffectiveness of treatment was retirement of a graduate medical institution to train non-doctors and non-doctors, mainly due to dislike of mental health professionals I assert that. Take a disqualified position Alfred Hitchcock 's psychology directed movie analysis psychology (1960) is based on Robert Bloch novel of the same name. The film is overseen by Hollywood legend Alfred Hitchcock. The script is written by Joseph Stephano and is based on real crime of serial killer Ed Gein. Movie stars Janet Rey, Anthony Perkins, John Gavin and Vera Meyers. This film has been nominated for four academic awards and is widely recognized as one of Hitchcock's best films. It produced two sequels, Psycho by Alfred Hitchcock. One of the operational themes presented to audie nces at Psycho is the opposite of good and evil. This can be seen in various roles through movies. You can also get an example from a conflict in a role. Some contradictions, how the characters deal with them, and how each other shapes the structure of the movie. The concept of characters that audiences receive depends on various people throughout the film.

Sunday, July 28, 2019

Development of Orchestra Concert Music in the Classical Period Essay

Development of Orchestra Concert Music in the Classical Period - Essay Example This "Development of Orchestra Concert Music in the Classical Period" essay outlines the changes in orchestra concert music and its origin. Music in the classical period derives its name from imitation of Greece and Roman art classical artistic and literary heritage. In periods preceding the classic period, music was played entirely for church functions and for those in power (Van, 2012). Composers would only present their music under the employ of a person in power because it was an expensive undertaking that was not very common. The classical period bore the name of enlightenment period, which made people understand the human reasoning power in overcoming problems. During the enlightenment period, people composers understood that they could use their music to entertain themselves as they gain instead of only performing to those in power. The enlightenment brought conflict between old and new ideas of governance in the society. Consequently, these changes in the society affected the writing of music in those societies. This period contributed much to the development of orchestral music in Northern and Central Europe, since it is during this period that music got performed in public concerts. Several factors led to the development of music in this period. First, economic changes during the period affected the music development, composition, and its dissemination (Van, 2012). Secondly, there were changes in the lives and occupations of the composers, which affected the social structures that provided employment in previous times. Thirdly, there is the traditional or novelty taste of the music that drives the music to its development and expansion .

Introduction to Astronomy and the Search for Life Elsewhere Essay

Introduction to Astronomy and the Search for Life Elsewhere - Essay Example from the telescope he made, he published relevant discoveries in the Sidereus Nuncius in March of 1610 which gained increasing interests from various scholars in the field of astronomy. Putting telescopes in space have the following advantages compared with the use of ground-based telescopes: (1) the lack of atmosphere, which makes it possible to see things in space that are otherwise blocked at certain wavelengths when trying to view them from the ground; (2) going out into space reduces the temperature at which the telescope operates, further improving image resolution and the performance of the detector arrays and other optoelectronic devices on board; and (3) it is much darker in space than it is on the ground, which makes it easier to see objects that are far away (PennWell Corporation, 2004, pars. 3 & 4). gone before. Retrieved 19 August 2010. The NASA define a dwarf planet as â€Å"a celestial body that (a) is in orbit around the Sun, (b) has sufficient mass for its self-gravity to overcome rigid body forces so that it assumes a hydrostatic equilibrium (nearly round) shape, (c) has not cleared the neighborhood around its orbit, and (d) is not a satellite† (NASA, 2010, par. 3). Pluto was reclassified by the IAU as a dwarf planet because of the provision: it has not â€Å"cleared the neighborhood† around its orbit; meaning â€Å"as planets form, they become the dominant gravitational body in their orbit in the Solar System. As they interact with other, smaller objects, they either consume them, or sling them away with their gravity. There are still many objects with similar size and mass to Pluto jostling around in its orbit. Until Pluto crashes into many of them and gains mass, it will

Saturday, July 27, 2019

Evidence-Based Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Evidence-Based Practice - Essay Example The client has osteoarthritis that has manifested in both knees. Mr. Miller reports mild elevation in his blood pressure to averaging 160/94 mmHg during his past two visits. The patient is a regular searches of the internet for answers to his health care questions, with his wife encouraging him to take megadoses of fish oil for his heart and vitamin E. St John’s Wort to help him cease smoking, and glucosamine for his knees, based on health care information gained through internet searches. Proactive approach in individualized health care concern has been on the rise with Mr. Miller portraying a typical example of such a patient. Through the internet and computer technology, patients today have unprecedented access to information about their diagnoses and treatment options. Challenges may however manifest in an event that patients do not fully understand the material they read or are influenced in their decision-making by inadequate or inaccurate information (Jennifer, 2010). In the united states and in the global market, there has been a contemporary use of over-the-counter medications and natural botanicals in particular are associated with significant problems including: commonly held but incorrect assumptions about a product or agent; a lack of oversight and regulation resulting in products with claims without substantiation; and problems with the product itself including side effects and interactions with other drugs, Unknown active ingredients of varying dilution and potentially contaminated products (Jennifer, 2010). In an intrinsic manner, this paper will analyze clinician-patient communication strategies; drawing inference for the use of Mr. Miller’s choice of OTC formulations and medication available to aid smoking cessation; in summary, the paper will propose a multivariate strategy care plan to address Mr. Miller’s health problems. Inferring to his educational

Friday, July 26, 2019

How have the wars changed womens lives in the Congo Puechguirbal Essay

How have the wars changed womens lives in the Congo Puechguirbal argues that Congolese women must be a part of the peace process. Do you think this would change things If so, how If not, why - Essay Example During the war in Congo, men left their women and families and moved to the forests to defend their communities. The women were left to care for their families which proved very difficult without the companion of their husbands. No economic activity or farming was taking place during this time of war and the stored food run out. Women were faced by hunger and they were left in pain watching their children die out of hunger. A report from the UN showed that 12% of the deaths during the war were caused by lack of food. This war left many women childless and without husbands since most of them were killed in the forest during the war and this has brought the greatest social inequality that ever existed in the world. Sexual violation was rampant during this war as the women were forced to have sex since they were armless and at the same time harmless. Women were forced to have sex to protect their children from being killed and this led to traumatization among women and an increased spread of sexually transmitted diseases. No medical care was operating during the war and hence the women were not treated after the sexual assaults. The results were unwanted children leading to an end of the happy families that existed(Gettleman, 2007,p.7). The war has created a situation that has led to women living in fear and with no trust on their military. Women have also been burdened with the responsibility of taking care of their children since the number of men reduced massively and the report by UN showed that 41.3% of all the women in Condo are single mothers(Gettleman, 2007,p.7). Despite the severe impacts, the Congo people have been positive in rebuilding their nation through peace-making processes. The united Nation in conjunction with government has played a big role in the process that has involved not only the political giants but also the people on the ground. Puechguirbal

Thursday, July 25, 2019

The History of the Blue Hen Chicken Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The History of the Blue Hen Chicken - Essay Example Ben Botkin (1938) stated, every group bound together or by common interests and purposes, whether educated or uneducated, rural or urban, possesses a body of traditions which may be called its folklore. Into these traditions enter many elements, individuals, popular, and even â€Å"literary,† but all are absorbed and assimilated through repetition and variation into a pattern which has value and continuity for the group as a whole. (New York Folklore Society, 2009) Knowledge, information, inspirations and traditions are transferred to people through sharing and informal exchange of ideas and stories. Folklores symbolize the identity and meaning of a certain culture and the past exchange of such information. Delmarva has got rich culture and past giving rise to numerous folklores and legends. Delmarva is a large peninsula located on the East Coast of United States of America. It is occupied by Delaware and portions of Virginia and Maryland. Delaware is divided into three counties; New Castle in north, Sussex in south and Kent in center of Delaware. General Assembly of Delaware officially adopted â€Å"Blue Hen Chicken† as state bird on 14th April 1939.Historical events of Delaware are associated with blue hen chicken during Revolutionary War which gave them an edge over other esthetically beautiful birds, for example, scarlet Cardinal. Before its adoption as state bird, it was unofficially used as a symbol in campaigning for political reasons. Now, the University of Delaware mascot is modeled after this bird and also recognized as YoUDee. The state bird, Blue hen, is a breed of rooster with blue feathers. However, only about half of the chickens have blue feathers, others may have black or white. It is a local and not very recognized breed as it goes back to the pioneers of Delaware. University of Delaware arranges organized breeding for them and has for its mascot the Fighting Blue Hens (Howard, 2007). In some cases, it is

Wednesday, July 24, 2019

Medical futility Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Medical futility - Research Paper Example It is in this regard that one hereby presents personal beliefs on the subject of medical futility, especially in end-of-life decisions pertinent to patient care. As required, one is hereby presenting the platform to discuss personal beliefs and to be aptly supported with professional references. Personal Beliefs on End-of Life Decisions and Medical Futility It is my belief that patients near the end of life should be able to die peacefully and comfortably and not to receive aggressive "futile" treatment. In health care, medical futility is actually defined as â€Å"the proposed therapy should not be performed because available data show that it will not improve the patient's medical condition† (Bernat, 2005, p. 198). Some studies have asserted that defining when treatment is medically futile remains to be controversial and challenging. As described by McCabe and Storm, disparities in medical associations’ definition of the term seem to add fuel to the controversy, to wi t: â€Å"The American Medical Association (AMA) guidelines describe medically futile treatments as those having â€Å"no reasonable chance of benefiting [the] patient† (American Medical Association, n.d.) but fall short of defining what the word â€Å"reasonable† means in this context. ... 1). The same article contended that there have been several instances when patients and doctors disagree regarding medical futility; especially in end-of-life decisions (McCabe & Storm, 2008). There was a prescribed resolution process that was explicitly noted from AMA. Despite the clear standards and conditions, some patients still allegedly assert that no instance of medical futility could prevent them from instituting continued care until the last breath of their loved ones. As a health care practitioner, one could actually see the rationality of disparities in viewpoints between medical practitioners, especially doctors, and those of the patients and their relatives. End-of-life decisions are almost always difficult to make, especially in cases where there is the recommended need to stop medications, interventions, or the delivery of care due to reasons defined as medically futile. Doctors are merely being professional and their academic background and expertise have contributed to the prescribed decisions to categorize cases as medically futile, if and when necessary. On the contrary, patients and their relatives are attached with strong bonds of love and affection that make it extremely difficult to sever. Depending on cultural or religious practices, traditions, and beliefs, most patients and their relatives belief that it is up to the Supreme Power or Divine Intervention to decide when is the appropriate time to elevant end-of-life matters to fate. One’s personal stance, therefore, is to balance the pros and cons of any decision that involves medically futile treatments, as defined; and the alternative of opting to lengthen

Tuesday, July 23, 2019

Product plcmnt s nw trnd n th UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 14500 words

Product plcmnt s nw trnd n th UK - Essay Example Two of thÐ µ Ð µxponÐ µntÃ'â€"Ð °l growth of dÃ'â€"gÃ'â€"tÐ °l-onlÃ'â€"nÐ µ modÐ µs, such Ð °s wÐ µbsÃ'â€"tÐ µ, Ð µ-mÐ °Ã'â€"l, cÐ µll phonÐ µ modÐ µs Ð °nd product plÐ °cÐ µmÐ µnt. Product plÐ °cÐ µmÐ µnt Ã'â€"s, Ã'â€"n Ð ° mÐ °nnÐ µr dÐ µpÐ µndÐ µnt on "InsÃ'â€"dÐ µr" rÐ µsÐ µÃ °rch. AspÐ µct hÐ °s not bÐ µÃ µn formÐ °lly Ã'â€"dÐ µntÃ'â€"fÃ'â€"Ð µd Ã'â€"n thÐ µsÐ µ studÃ'â€"Ð µs, thÐ µ rÐ µspondÐ µnts undÐ µrstÐ °nd thÐ µ concÐ µpt of product plÐ °cÐ µmÐ µnt. ThÃ'â€"s suggÐ µsts thÐ °t rÐ µspondÐ µnts Ã'â€"n Al KÐ °rrh ET. study wÃ'â€"ll bÐ µ rÐ µquÐ µstÐ µd to Ð °ddrÐ µss product plÐ °cÐ µmÐ µnt Ð °s "pÐ °Ã'â€"d to thÐ µ lÐ °bÐ µlÐ µd products, or Ð µmblÐ µm of Ã'â€"dÐ µntÃ'â€"ty, usÃ'â€"ng Ð °udÃ'â€"o Ð °nd / or vÃ'â€"suÐ °l Ð µntÐ °Ã'â€"ls progrÐ °mmÃ'â€"ng wÃ'â€"thÃ'â€"n thÐ µ mÐ °ss of thÐ µ nÐ µwspÐ °pÐ µrs" (KÐ °rrh, 1998, p. 33). RussÐ µll Ð °nd BÐ µlch (2005) ThÐ µ usÐ µ of hybrÃ'â €"d pÐ µrÃ'â€"ods of promotÃ'â€"on Ð °nd sponsorshÃ'â€"p wÃ'â€"thÃ'â€"n thÐ µ contÐ µxt of product plÐ °cÐ µmÐ µnt Ð °nd sponsor-ownÐ µd clÐ °ssÃ'â€"fÃ'â€"Ð µd dÃ'â€"splÐ °ys (such Ð °s Ð µÃ °rly wÃ'â€"rÐ µlÐ µss "soÐ °p opÐ µrÐ °") Ð °s Ð °n Ð µxÐ °mplÐ µ of Product PlÐ °cÐ µmÐ µnt. VolumÐ µ numÐ µrous dÃ'â€"stÃ'â€"nctÃ'â€"ons, whÃ'â€"ch lÃ'â€"vÐ µ for product plÐ °cÐ µmÐ µnt (FÃ'â€"g. 1) suggÐ µsts thÐ °t product plÐ °cÐ µmÐ µnt Ã'â€"ncludÐ µs Ð ° progrÐ °m dÐ µsÃ'â€"gnÐ µd to support thÐ µ logo Ð °nd thÐ µ plÐ °cÐ µmÐ µnt Ã'â€"s dÐ µsÃ'â€"gnÐ µd to support thÐ µ Ð µvÐ µnt contÐ µnt, Ð °nd possÃ'â€"bly Ð ° pÃ'â€"cturÐ µ of sponsorshÃ'â€"p. If thÃ'â€"nkÃ'â€"ng Ð °bout product plÐ °cÐ µmÐ µnt Ð °s "brÐ °ndÐ µd Ð µntÐ µrtÐ °Ã'â€"nmÐ µnt", Ð °s proposÐ µd by Hudson Ð °nd Hudson (2006), covÐ µrs Ð °ll thÐ µ followÃ'â€"ng sÃ'â€"tuÐ °tÃ'â€"on mÐ °y dÐ µsÃ'â€"gnÐ °tÐ µ Ð °s thÐ µ product plÐ °cÐ µmÐ µnt: †¢ thÐ µ Ð µvÐ µnt Ã'â€"s ownÐ µd Ð °nd / or strongly Ð °pprovÐ µd thÐ µ logo, whÐ µrÐ µ only onÐ µ Ð µmblÐ µm Ã'â€"s Ð ° pÐ °rtnÐ µr of thÐ µ Ð µvÐ µnt (dÐ µmonstrÐ °tÃ'â€"on, Ð µÃ °rly wÃ'â€"rÐ µlÐ µss dÃ'â€"splÐ °ys such Ð °s Lux ThÐ µÃ °trÐ µ Ð °nd Lucky StrÃ'â€"kÐ µ ProgrÐ °m wÃ'â€"th JÐ °ck... ThÐ µ Ð µvÐ µnt hÐ °s Ð µvolvÐ µd to support thÐ µ logo, Ð °lthough Ð ° fÐ µw pÐ µrÃ'â€"ods of plÐ µnty, tÃ'â€"mÐ µs of "AdvÐ µrtÃ'â€"sÃ'â€"ng" Ð °nd "Ð °dvÐ µrgÐ °mÃ'â€"ng" Ð °rÐ µ most rÐ µlÐ µvÐ °nt to thÐ °t concÐ µpt Ð °nd thÐ µ bÐ µst known. AdvÐ µrgÐ °mÃ'â€"ng sÐ µÃ µs thÐ µ logo Ã'â€"ntroducÐ µd Ã'â€"n sports computÐ µr Ð °nd dÐ µmonstrÐ °tÃ'â€"ons Ã'â€"ncludÐ µ NÐ µstlÐ µ NÐ µsquÃ'â€"ck Ð °nd KÐ µllogg's CocoPops sÃ'â€"tÐ µs, BÐ °skÐ µtbÐ °ll Ð °dvÐ µrgÐ °mÐ µ for SprÃ'â€"tÐ µ Ã'â€"s Ð °ssocÃ'â€"Ð °tÐ µd wÃ'â€"th thÐ µ lÐ °st FIBA World ChÐ °mpÃ'â€"onshÃ'â€"p Ã'â€"n bÐ °skÐ µtbÐ °ll, whÃ'â€"lÐ µ BÐ °rclÐ °ys communÐ °l Ð °dvÐ µrgÐ °mÐ µ TrÐ °nsÐ °Ã'â€"d ChÐ °llÐ µngÐ µ, to support thÐ µ bÐ µnÐ µvolÐ µnt humÐ °nÃ'â€"ty Ð °ssÐ µmbly TrÐ °nsÐ °Ã'â€"d, whÃ'â€"ch works (pÐ °rtÃ'â€"culÐ °rly Ã'â€"n AfrÃ'â€"cÐ °) to Ð °dvÐ °ncÐ µ through thÐ µ trÐ °nsport Ã'â€"s orgÐ °nÃ'â€"zÐ µd Ð °nd gà 'â€"vÐ µ pÐ µoplÐ µ bÐ µttÐ µr Ð °ccÐ µss to bÐ °sÃ'â€"c sÐ µrvÃ'â€"cÐ µs such Ð °s hÐ µÃ °lth Ð °nd lÃ'â€"vÐ µlÃ'â€"hoods. AdvÐ µrtÃ'â€"sÃ'â€"ng rÐ µfÐ µrs to thÐ µ contÐ µnt or thÐ µ Ð µmblÐ µm of clÃ'â€"ps supplÃ'â€"Ð µd Ð °s mÃ'â€"nÃ'â€"-movÃ'â€"Ð µs, whÐ µn thÐ µ clÐ °ss of thÐ µ nÐ °mÐ µ of thÐ µ Ð °dvÐ µrtÃ'â€"sÐ µr. ExÐ °mplÐ µs Ã'â€"ncludÐ µ thÐ µ BMW lÐ µÃ °sÐ µ, stÐ °rrÃ'â€"ng ClÃ'â€"vÐ µ OwÐ µn, Ð ° BrÃ'â€"tÃ'â€"sh plÐ °yÐ µr, Ð °nd thÐ µ dÐ µvÐ µlopmÐ µnt of Skyy vodkÐ ° from www.skyy.com whÃ'â€"ch housÐ µs somÐ µ of thÐ µ mÃ'â€"nÃ'â€"-movÃ'â€"Ð µs.†¢ Ð °ctÃ'â€"vÃ'â€"tÃ'â€"Ð µs Ã'â€"n whÃ'â€"ch thÐ µ Ð µmblÐ µm usÐ µd Ð °s props to Ð µnhÐ °ncÐ µ / support thÐ µ Ð µvÐ µnt contÐ µnt (Ð °t thÐ µ dÃ'â€"scrÐ µtÃ'â€"on of thÐ µ crÐ µÃ °tor of thÐ µ Ð µvÐ µnts). BrÐ °nds usÐ µ thÃ'â€"s pÐ °th cÐ °n bÐ µ chosÐ µn Ã'â€"n rÐ µlÐ °tÃ'â€"on to thÐ µ Ð µvÐ µnts crÐ µÃ °tor for pÐ °y or wÃ'â€"thout pÐ °y, whÃ'â€"lÐ µ thÐ µ prÐ µvÃ'â€"ous Ã'â€"s morÐ µ common.RussÐ µll Ð °nd BÐ µlch (2005) ThÐ µ usÐ µ of hybrÃ'â€"d Ð °rrÐ °ngÐ µmÐ µnts bÐ µtwÐ µÃ µn promotÃ'â€"on to thÐ µ fÃ'â€"rst stÐ °tus, Ð °nd Hudson Ð °nd Hudson (2006) mÐ °rkÐ µd Ð ° pÐ µrÃ'â€"od of Ð µntÐ µrtÐ °Ã'â€"nmÐ µnt Ð °rrÐ °ngÐ µmÐ µnts wÃ'â€"th Ð °ll thrÐ µÃ µ. TrÐ °dÃ'â€"tÃ'â€"onÐ °l pÐ µrformÐ °ncÐ µ Ð µvÐ °luÐ °tÃ'â€"on for Ð °ny kÃ'â€"nd of Ã'â€"nvÐ µstmÐ µnt Ã'â€"t wÐ °s rÐ µcollÐ µctÃ'â€"on Ð µstÃ'â€"mÐ °tÐ µs.

Microsoft Corp.s Pricing Policies Essay Example for Free

Microsoft Corp.s Pricing Policies Essay Executive Summary This case study focused on the Microsoft Corporation and charges made by their competitors, the Federal Trade Commission, and the Department of Justice of antitrust violations and a monopoly of the computer operating systems and applications software, software development tools (e.g., programming language software), and hardware peripherals (e.g., Microsoft Mouse) that Microsoft specializes in. It focused on numerous issues that would lead one to believe that Microsoft was in fact monopolizing the entire industry they were in. . In order to adequately discuss and analyze the issues of this case, I have broken this paper up into four separate sections. Section 1 Key Terms Concepts: Description of the key terms concepts that pertain to this case Section 2 The Case Against Microsoft: Identify the facts and information that support my case against Microsoft Section 3 The Defense of Microsoft: Identify certain facts and information that support a defense of Microsoft Section 4 Discussion: What I have learned from the case After reading this case study, I went back to the email that I received from you and went over the questions that you suggested we consider. The first question was: If you were the DOJ how would you build a case against Microsoft or a dominant leader? I will attempt to do this in Section 2 The Case Against Microsoft. The second question was: If you were Microsoft how might you defend yourself against DOJ claims? I will cover this in Section 3 The Defense of Microsoft. I will attempt to show why it was very necessary for the DOJ to bring a case of monopoly and antitrust violations against Microsoft. In doing this, I will attempt to put myself into Microsofts shoes and defend their claims that they have not created a monopoly. Section 1 1. Key Terms Concepts The reason I decided to include these terms and concepts was to make it easier for me to write this paper and use certain terms without describing them each time I used them in my paper. Department of Justice, Antitrust Division: The Assistant Attorney General for Antitrust, a presidential appointee, ran the Antitrust Division of the DoJ. When the Division thought the evidence was sufficiently persuasive, it brought criminal charges. The Division also entered into negotiations with businesses to end litigation in exchange for consent decrees in civil cases, or nolo contendere (no contest) please in criminal cases DOJ: Department of Justice: The United States Department of Justice (DOJ) is a Cabinet department in the United States government designed to enforce the law and defend the interests of the United States according to the law and to ensure fair and impartial administration of justice for all Americans (http://en.wikipedia. Org /wiki / United_States_Department_of_Justice) DOS: Disc Operating System FTC Federal Trade Commission: The FTC enforces federal antitrust and consumer protection laws by investigating complaints against individual companies initiated by consumers, businesses, congressional inquiries, or reports in the media (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Trade_Commission) ISVs: Independent Software Vendors MS-DOS: Microsoft Operating Systems NDAs: Non-disclosure agreements OEMs: Original Equipment Manufacturers OS: Operating Systems PC: Personal Computer Sherman Anti-Trust Act: it made illegal any form of contract or combination between entities in regards to trade and commerce that would have the effect of restraining trade. And it also put responsibility on government attorneys and district courts to pursue and investigate trusts http://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/ Sherman _ Antitrust_Act) The Clayton Act of 1914: The Clayton Act was designed to prevent monopoly in the beginning rather than to remedy its effects. To accomplish this goal, Congress authorized antitrust prosecutions whenever business practices maysubstantially lessen competition or tend to create a monopoly in any line of commerce, in any section of the country. Section Two of the act forbade sellers from discriminating in price selling goods of like grade and quality to different buyers at different prices when such differences were neither cost justified nor necessary to meet competition. Section Three limited the use of tying and exclusive dealing contracts. Tying contracts required purchasers or leases to acquire a second, separate product in order to obtain the desired product. Exclusive dealing contracts obliged a purchaser or lessee not to deal in products of competitors Vaporware: is software or hardware which is announced by a developer well in advance of release, but which then fails to emerge, either with or without a protracted development cycle. The term implies deception, or at least a negligent degree of optimism; that is, it implies that the announcer knows that product development is in too early a stage to support responsible statements about its completion date, feature set, or even feasibility (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaporware) Section 2 2. The Case Against Microsoft In order to make my case against Microsoft and prove that they are most assuredly in violation of monopoly and anti-trust regulations, I will answer the following questions: 1. Is this a case of monopoly? 2. Is this case a violation of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act? Is this a case of monopoly? When I began considering my approach to this paper, I first thought about situations where I was absolutely sure I had been the victim of a monopoly. In order to do this, I first had to make sure that I fully understood exactly what a monopoly was. The American Heritage ® Dictionary defines a monopoly as Exclusive control by one group of the means of producing or selling a commodity or service. In simpler terms, I have always thought of a monopoly as a big corporation doing its best to screw-over the little guy (A.K.A the customer) by doing its best to make as much money as possible. The first situation that came to mind when I thought of a monopoly was how the Comcast cable company had a virtual strangle-hold on the cable service in my homes area. Since they had exclusive control of the means of producing or selling a commodity or service, in this case they were the only cable provider in our area, you were forced to settle for Comcasts service unless you had satellite television or you were willing to settle for the wonderfully fuzzy reception from the antiquated rabbit ear antennas of years past. As a result, we unfortunately had to deal with Comcasts horrible service and always rising rates. Luckily for us, another competitor came in to the picture when WOW! (Wide Open West Internet-Cable-Phone) set up service in our area. We switched cable providers almost immediately and we couldnt have been happier. They have provided excellent customer service and their rates are consistently lower  than Comcasts. As a consumer, we definitely benefited from the increased competition and eventual abolishment of the cable company monopoly in our area. With that out of the way, I was forced to look at whether or not Microsoft had a monopoly in their particular industry. Based on the information in this case, I cannot say that Microsoft has a monopoly on any single entire industry. Do they dominate the majority of endeavors that they choose to participate in? Of course they do. Just look at some of these numbers: As you can see from Table 1, Microsoft dominates the market shares of suite software in the United States. The only problem with these numbers is the fact that they are limited in their time range. In my experience, three years is a long enough time to make an approximate forecast for future happenings, from a financial standpoint. However, that is from a transportation and supply-chain perspective where the main variable happens to be the customers shipping fluctuations. In a volatile and constantly evolving market such as software development, these numbers could sway tremendously with the introduction of a new and sought after product or changes in consumer wants and desires. Table 2 shows the financial numbers of Microsoft and three of their competitors: This also tells a lot about Microsofts market dominance, but this time from a financial standpoint. Two things that stand out to me in this table are the fact that Microsoft has almost twice as much net revenue than their nearest competitor (Microsoft has 4,649 and Novell has 1,998). The second thing that jumped out to me is the fact that all of the competitors show an increase in net revenue from 1984 to 1994. Based on the growth of Microsofts competitors (which there are more than one), I feel confident in saying that Microsoft does not have a monopoly in their industry. They do not meet the standard set forth by the simple definition in the dictionary of Exclusive control by one group of the means of producing or selling a commodity or service. As you can clearly see from the tables, Microsoft  does not have exclusive control of the means of producing or selling a commodity or service. However, Microsoft does in fact hold a monopoly on many other counts, one of which is that Microsoft Windows, the Microsoft OS, is installed on most personal computers that can be purchased from Dell, Hewlett Packard, Compaq, and the like. Because this OS comes pre-installed, we as the consumers do not have much of a choice and there is not much of an alternative for us to go with unless we want to switch to an Apple Macintosh OS. Although Microsoft isnt a natural monopoly in the classically defined or economic sense that Ive identified above, it is a natural monopoly in the land of cyberspace. Microsoft is the path of least resistance for government, consumers, and programmers alike. Microsoft may have many faults, but they make a lot of things easier too. Most of us are willing to accept a monopoly such as Microsoft has for increased convenience and usability. Microsoft is a one-product company, no matter how it may sometimes appear. Their success is fundamentally due to the success of Windows. It rose to power with one product, and it resides there because of the success of that product. Unfortunately for us, this is not only the best product on the market, it is the only true alternative for us to use. In my book, regardless of the textbook definition, this constitutes a monopoly by Microsoft. Is this a case a violation of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act? As I stated in Section 1, the Sherman Anti-Trust Act makes illegal any form of contract or combination between entities in regards to trade and commerce that would have the effect of restraining trade. Based on this case and the readings from week #7, there is proof that Microsoft did violate the Sherman Anti-Trust Act, particularly Sections 1 and 2 of the Act. Section One prohibited contracts, combinations and conspiracies in restraint of trade while Section Two outlawed monopolies and attempts to monopolize. Microsoft violated the Sherman Anti-Trust Act by illegally using its market power to restrain trade in the high tech industry. A filing from the DOJ on December 19, 1999 stated that Microsoft engaged in illegal conduct in five separate ways: * by tying browser sales to sales of the operating system; * by using its market power to illegally maintain a monopoly; * by attempting to monopolize the browser market; * by imposing exclusive dealing arrangements between itself and Internet service providers and/or developers; and * by imposing first boot-up and screen restrictions on computer makers. http://news.com.com/2100-1001-233992.html The DOJ filing in December of 1999 shows exactly why Microsoft was in violation of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act. Some of the things that Microsoft has done that clearly violate the act include, but are certainly not limited to: Microsoft customers upgrading their copies of Microsoft Office at the Microsoft website, but using the competitions web browser, are greeted with a message insisting on the use of MSIE for the full edition of the update. On November 18, 1998 the digital greeting card company Blue Mountain Arts discovered that beta versions of Microsofts Outlook Express (which comes free with Internet Explorer) were automatically filing Blue Mountains e-mail greeting cards into the junk folder rather than the inbox. Shortly afterwards, Blue Mountain Arts discovered that Microsofts WebTV service was blocking their e-mail greeting cards as well. When the courts ordered Microsoft to ship Windows without an integrated Internet Explorer, the company complied by offering a non-functional version of the OS, claiming that the browser was now so completely  integrated into Windows to remove it was tantamount to breaking the operating system. -All three of these examples were taken from the following website: http://www.vcnet. com /bms/departments/dirtytricks.shtml To summarize, Ive identified the following facts: Microsoft does have a monopoly in their industry Microsoft did violate Acts 1 and 2 of the Sherman Anti-trust Act It is convenient for Microsoft to say that their success is solely based on them being able to produce good products. Although they do devote extraordinary resources to improving their technologies, they also work diligently to stifle growth and in-roads from their competition. Section 3 3. The Defense of Microsoft I am not going to spend a great deal of time attempting to defend Microsoft. They have spent millions and millions of dollars working tirelessly to do it themselves. Furthermore, I firmly believe that they have established a monopoly and that this monopoly serves to futher one parties interests: Microsofts. However, I did some research online and came up with the following paragraph from an article titled The Microsoft Antitrust Suit written by Peter Tracey. In it, he wrote The persecution of Microsoft is an assault on the free market, and on the intelligence of the American people. It is the result of long-held envy by Microsofts competitors, including Netscape and Oracle. It is in violation of the constitution, being both ex post facto and vague (Getman). The governments persecution of Microsoft should be stopped, moreover, the antitrust legislation that has exposed business to unfair and unreasonable practices should be repealed. (http://www.levelthreesolutions.com/ peter/msantitrust.html) In Microsofts opinion, the government should not get involved in determining what means a company uses to produce their products. They feel that they have been able to succeed through hard work, tenancity, and superior products. Although it may be unfortunate for their competitiors, Microsoft feels that if you cant stand the heat, stay out of the kitchen. In essence, Microsoft makes the most money doing what they do by taking solid ideas from other people, such as the Disc Operating System, and making them better. Microsoft doesnt monopolize the industry. They simply work harder, take risks, and capitalize where other companies have floundered. Section 4 4. Discussion Before I discuss this particular case study, I must tell you that I have always been a big fan of Microsoft and Bill Gates. I have enjoyed the relatively cheap cost of Microsofts software such as Microsoft Excel and Word. I have also felt that with each successive upgrade of these products I have only been able to improve my performance both at work and school. I also thought it was impressive that Bill Gates could take his ideas, push forward with his undefeatable will, and become one of the richest people in the entire world. However, this case study and the analysis that Ive done with it has really opened my eyes to the seamy side of Microsoft and Bill Gates. I was so moved by this case that I even went and downloaded one of Microsofts few internet browser competitors, Netscape, to compare its product with Internet Explorer. When my wife asked me what my paper was I about I told her it was about Microsoft and whether or not they were a monopoly in the industry. Her very quick and wry response said it so perfectly: Duh, of course they are. Even I know that. I think this says it all so succinctly. Do I think Microsoft needs to be disbanded or separated in to two different operating companies? Not really. Like I said before, I enjoy Microsofts products and I use them constantly. In fact, I am writing  this paper using one of Microsofts products, Microsoft Word. I just honestly think that fair competition and a level playing field for Microsofts competitors would only benefit the consumer in the long run. More people with new insights will be given the chance to expand the technology already in place. Too many companies are skittish about taking on Microsoft because of the monopoly and the fear of being annihilated. Finally, I have learned that cases of anti-trust and monopoly are not always as clear cut as one may think. I always thought that Microsoft had a clear monopoly and that there was nothing any of us could ever do to remedy it. I also really didnt care as long as they continued to improve Windows and the accompanying Office Suite. I can see now that competition in all economic arenas, whether it is cable television or fast-food or computer software, is important, no vital, for lower prices and increased technological growth.

Monday, July 22, 2019

Education System Essay Example for Free

Education System Essay The education system of India is very old. It has started from the ancient times. The Vedas, puranas, ayurveda, yoga represent some forms of education. There are evidences of imparting formal education in ancient India under the Gurukul system. Under the Gurukul system, young boys who were passing through the Brahmacharya stage of life had to stay at the Guru or the teachers home and complete their education. Earlier women and people of lower castes didnt have a right to educate themselves. But Jainism, Buddhism and Sufi movements had some liberating effects. The Britishers can be credited for bringing a revolution in the Indian education system because it is the English language and the reformation movements of the 19th century that had the most liberating effect in pre-independent India. India Education Present Condition  After independence, making education available to all had become a priority for the government. As discrimination on the basis of caste and gender has been a major impediment in the healthy development of the Indian society, they have been made unlawful by the Indian constitution. The 86th constitutional amendment has also made elementary education a fundamental right for the children between the age group- 6 to 14. According to the 2001 census, Total literacy rate 65.38%. The female literacy rate 54.16%. Only 59.4% of rural population is literate as against 80.3% urban population according to the 2001 census. Read more: http://www.ukessays.com/essays/education/education-system-of-india.php#ixzz2KBxKSaq0

Sunday, July 21, 2019

impacts of the War on Terror on the Policing of US Borders

impacts of the War on Terror on the Policing of US Borders â€Å"Some nations need to be more vigilant against terrorism at their borders if they want their relationship with the U.S. to remain the same† (Former Secretary of State Colin Powell, September 20th 2001). With reference to this statement, critically examine the impacts of the war on terror on the policing of the borders of the United States of America Introduction The 9/11 attacks and subsequent feelings they produced bear many similarities to the Pearl Harbour attacks of 1941 with respect to national identity and patriotism. With both events, the matter of immigration became a prominent issue, especially when considering the concern in America relating to the ‘enemy within’ (Schildkraut, 2002). These concerns manifested themselves in post 9/11 discussions on how best to police the borders of the US. Statements such as, ‘our enemies are hiding in open and available information,’ (Accenture, cited in Kestelyn, 2002: 8) led to calls for greater levels of surveillance, profiling and security, all of which have substantially increased post 9/11. The result has been the rapid expansion of the homeland security market both on American soil and overseas (Amoore, 2006). Rana and Rosas (2006:2) highlight, ‘the mobilisation of the amorphous category of terror, construction of enemy combatants and the collapsing of terrorists with immigrants,’ in creating a renewed fear around borders and illegal immigrants. The scope of the war on terror was expanded in America, where once the threat was considered to be those of Arab, Middle Eastern and Muslim descent, it now spread to include migrants crossing the borders of Canada and Mexico into the US. While Canada has received criticisms from US government officials relating to their border control policies, the focus of this paper will be on the US-Mexico border and in particular the border wall. The post 9/11 expansion of security manifested itself in large parts around the US-Mexico border, culminating in the signing of the Secure Fence Act in 2006 by then President George W. Bush thus allowing for 700 miles of physical barriers to be built along the border. This essay will take the title statement from Colin Powell and discuss how America has become more vigilant post 9/11 and observe the impacts. In addition, while reviewing the range of new measures enacted at the US-Mexico border, this paper will centre on displaying how these measures have been justified by those putting them in place. During these discussions the terms post 9/11 and war on terror shall be used interchangeably as both signify the period of time after the terrorist attacks. History of the Border It is important to note that while border control has long been a primary function of the state, it has been substantially heightened in the wake of 9/11 and the ensuing war on terror (Andreas, 2003). This has been exemplified by The US VISIT programme, run by consulting company Accenture who have created a ‘virtual border.’ This system allows the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to view, regulate and manage the lives of potential visitors (Amoore, 2006), thus preventing any potential threats from coming into contact with US soil (Accenture, 2004). This practice of surveillance and governing multiple aspects of people’s daily lives is a vital component of biometric borders that when all brought together provide ‘a set of unique physical characteristics that can be used to identify you’ (UK Border Agency, 2013). Given the proposed advantages of surveillance, it comes as no surprise that the US, like most modern countries, moved into an age of biopower in which the state regulates its subjects through, ‘an explosion of numerous and diverse techniques for achieving the subjugations of bodies and the control of populations’ (Foucault, 1976:140). Biopower has somewhat signalled the delocalisation of the border in that border functions have been separated from the physical border itself (Bico, 2002; Salter, 2004). However, the US-Mexico border post 9/11 illustrates a clear display of sovereign power with increased networks of disciplinary and military institutions at the actual border acting outside and above the normal law (Nail, 2013). The idea of being above the law and exhibiting high profile displays of force at the border is addressed in the subsequent section discussing the state of exception with consideration to the unique nature of the US-Mexico border. The State of Exception The events of 9/11 led to the US government declaring a state of emergency, a period in which policing powers are expanded. Philosopher Giorgio Agamben sees this as enabling the US government to create a state of exception, a legal measure that precludes normative laws (Agamben, 2004). This approach allows for constituents to be declared as homo sacer, the act of taking away basic civil and human rights from the individual. Accenture’s virtual border and the enhanced powers of the DHS illustrate Agamben’s view in that by providing biometric information required for the US-VISIT you are being stripped to a state of bare life. Agamben’s work around homo sacer, the idea he refers to as bare life (1998, 2000, 2005), has led to a number of scholars applying his work to post 9/11 events such as the new security methods applied at the US borders and the shameful actions documented Guantanamo Bay (Butler, 2004, Zizek, 2002, 2004). Undoubtedly, the creation of a state of exception increased calls for tougher border security and led to the implementation of a new 700 mile US-Mexico border wall and a rise in the number Border Patrol agents from 11,156 in 2005 to 20,119 in 2011 (Correa, 2013). While it has been resisted by many of those living along its path (Haddal et al, 2009), the DHS was able to use their considerable power to move, with force if necessary, those who opposed it. Correa (2013) collected data from residents in Cameron County, Texas, who had lost parts of their land or been forced to move with the implementation of the barrier. Resident Debra Langley described her mixed feelings in being forced to lose a substantial part of her farm due to the new border wall. While not wanting to move, Debra classified herself as a patriot and referred back to the days after 9/11 where George W. Bush said: ‘Either you are with us or you are with the terrorists’ (Bush, 2001). This sentiment has allow ed for the DHS to implement many of their expansive border measures such as drones, watchtowers and sensors with limited opposition as people are unwilling to question immigration and border policies for fear of coming across as unpatriotic. Considering the creation of a state of exception and limited opposition to tougher border policing it comes as little surprise that the Endangered Species Act, the Clean Water Act and the National Environment Policy among other environmental laws were waived in favour of constructing the 700 mile fence (Bartholemew, 2008; Correa, 2013). DHS Secretary Michael Chertoff came under a number of criticisms for his role in the implementation of the border wall with The New York Times (2008) saying: ‘To the long list of things the Bush administration is willing to trash in its rush to appease immigration hard-liners, you can now add dozens of important environmental laws and hundreds of thousands of acres of fragile habitat on the southern border.’ The environment has been so adversely affected by the physical barrier of the border wall yet it took until 2009 for the US government to act in trying to asses and restore the damage that has been caused. In criminalising the entire border area, nature was seen simply as part of the border and thus included in the criminalisation process (Nial, 2013). Even with laws being in place and the expected criticisms arriving from pro environmental sections of society, the government still had enough support to move forward with their projects. Collier (Collier, in Correa, 2013) sees the depiction of Mexican immigrants as a threat to the nation by the state and DHS as providing one of the main justifications for the barrier. Equally important is the role of politicians jumping on the immigration bandwagon in their attempts to garner votes during election periods post 9/11 (Correa, 2013); both notions shall be discussed in the remainder of this essay. Politicians US politicians quickly recognised the importance of supporting enhanced security in combatting the war on terror. The focus of attention swiftly turned to the border wall post 9/11 with its effectiveness coming under increased scrutiny. With George W Bush signing the 2006 Secure Fence Act, the impetus was placed on President Obama to follow suit; in 2012 Obama spent $11.7 billion on the wall to secure a number of areas considered at risk (Dwoskin, 2013). The official reason provided by the DHS for building the US Mexico border wall at a cost of $49 billion (U.S. Government Accountability Office, 2009) was to stop unwanted migration. However, records since its construction display no conclusive reduction in illegal migration, while in contrast, migrant deaths, incarceration and excessive costs have rapidly increased. Nail (2013:113) describes the barrier as ‘a wall that was built to stop illegal migration, and has objectively failed to do so, yet continues to receive funding and political support regardless.’ While the potential backlash of scaling back the wall discourages many politicians from criticising it, providing support for greater security measures rarely sees a backlash from politicians or the general public. A method of justification discussed previously was depicting Mexican immigrants the greatest threat to America, we shall now discuss how this has developed post 9/11. Migrants The rhetoric of some politicians has undeniably resulted in some US citizens’ xenophobic fears of Muslims shifting towards the US-Mexico border, as it is presented as the new biggest terrorist threat to America (Correa, 2013). The Californian Congress representative Duncan Hunter and Senator John Cornyn provide two examples of high profile politicians calling for greater surveillance and military presence at the border citing terrorism as their rationale (Benett, 2005; Eaton, 2010). This portrayal of the US-Mexico border as a hub of international terrorism allows for the continued justification of militarising border regions in order to ‘protect’ America (Inda, 2006). Although illegal immigrants have been classified as ‘new’ security threats (Andreas, 2003), it is incorrect to believe that viewing them as national security concerns is a new phenomenon (Adamson, 2006). Long before 9/11, migration had been a focus of concern for America going back to th e Cold War when borders began to be far more closely scrutinised. This scrutiny rose significantly post 9/11 with a prominent reason being that securing and maintaining your border are, ‘arguably necessary preconditions for the maintenance of state security in other areas’ (Adamson, 2006:176). While it was thought that the end of the Cold War would signal a reduction in militarised borders (Mearsheimer, 1990), this has not been the case with the US Mexico border post 9/11 where in order to secure and maintain the border, we have seen a spike in amount of military apparatus used as a method of policing. Alongside this, there has been the merging of predominantly geopolitical intelligence work and domestic law enforcement work with the Pentagon taking a far more active role in matters of border enforcement (Andreas, 2003). This has resulted in surveillance of immigrants within the US increasing, especially since discourse on the ‘enemy within’ has risen. Interior policing has also expanded rapidly with 359,000 internal removals made in 2008, up from 180,000 in 2001 (Coleman, 2007). While this would appear to signal more is being done, we can look the role of private companies in operating the US Mexico border and see this simply as the circulation of illegal imm igrants. Politicians classify the border and especially the border wall as being in place to stop illegal migration yet the US government has hired private companies to secure the border. Boeing Corporation, G4S and Wackenhut are three such companies, all of whom, as private companies aim to generate the greatest amount of profit and thus not necessarily stop all illegal migration which would destroy their market (Nial, 2013). This circulation of illegal migrants enables the companies to maximise their profits and allows politicians to utilise the figures from arrests and illegal migrants entering the country to justify the increased levels of policing on the border (Norrell, 2007). Conclusion Looking at the history of policing on the US-Mexico border there have been notable changes since the war on terror began. Correa (2013) notes there has been a level of racial anxiety around the border since the 1920’s (resulting from the simple use/ definition of a border as keeping the enemy out), which has now culminated in the border existing in a ‘permanent state of racial emergency’ (Michaelsen, 2005: 89). The war on terrors’ main impact was the subsequent creation of the quasi- military DHS who facilitated the rapid militarisation of regions around the border, much to the detriment of the region’s nature and human population. Alongside this, it has legitimised groups such as The Minutemen who patrol the border stopping illegal immigrants attempting to cross (Marinucci and Martin, 2005). Considering there are high profile politicians such as John McCain boasting of making the US-Mexico border into ‘the most militarized border since the fal l of the Berlin Wall,’ (McCain, 2013), it appears there will be no subside in the levels of border policing. For any change to occur, the socio-historical construction of the US Mexico border as a violent and threatening area must subside (Correa, 2013). Bibliography Accenture. (2004). US DHS to develop and implement US VISIT program at air, land and sea ports of. Retrieved March 4, 2014, from Accenture. Adamson, F. B. (2006). Crossing Borders: International Migration and National Security. International Security, 31(1), 165-199. Agamben, G. (1998). Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life. (D. Heller-Roazen, Trans.) Meridian. Agamben, G. (2000). Means Without End: Notes of Politics. (V. Binetti, C. Casarino, Trans.) University of Minnesota Press. Agamben, G. (2004). No To Bio-Political Tattooing. Paris: Le Monde Diplomatique. Agamben, G. (2005). State of Exception. (K. Attell, Trans.) Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Amoore, L. (2006). Biometric borders: Governing mobilities in the war on terror. Political Geography, 336-351. Andreas, P. (2003). Re-Drawing the Line, Borders and Security in the 21st Century. International Security, 28(2), 78-111. Bartholemew, W. (2008). South Texas groups sue DHS to restore environmental laws along the border. Retrieved February 28, 2014, from Sierra Club Lone Star: http://www.texas.sierraclub.org/ press/newsreleases/20080530.asp Benett, W. (2005, December 30). Hunter touts 700-mile border fence. Retrieved March 3, 2014, from North County Times: http://www.nctimes.com/news/article_aaec1e24-c6bd-549e-bcc1-a8ffe647148f.html Bigo, D. (2002). Security and Immigration: Toward a Critique of the Governmentality of Unease. 27, 63-92. Bush, G. W. (2001, September 20). Address to a joint session of Congress and the American people. Office of the Press Secretary. Washington DC. Butler, J. (2004). Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence. London: New York Press. Coleman, M. (2007). Immigration geopolitics beyond the US–. Antipode, 39(1), 54-76. Correa, J. G. (2013). After 9/11 everything changed: Re-formations of state violence in everyday life on the US-Mexico border. Cultural Dynamics, 25(1), 99-119. Dwoskin, E. (2013, March 13). Sealing the U.S. Border Would Cost an Additional $28 Billion a Year. Retrieved February 26, 2014, from Bloomberg Business Week: http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2013-03-13/the-price-tag-for-sealing-the-u-dot-s-dot-border-isnt-pretty Eaton, T. (2010, March 18). Texas senators ask Obama to help prevent border violence Cornyn, Hutchisonwant Obama to meet them at U.S.-Mexico border. Retrieved March 3, 2014, from Austin American-Statesman: http://www.statesman.com/news/texas/texas-senators-ask-obama-to-help-pre-vent-border-383990.html Editorial. (2008, April 3). Michael Chertoff’s Insult. Retrieved February 28, 2014, from New York Times. Foucault, M. (1976). The History of Sexuality (Vol. 1). Gaskill, M. (2011, August 2). United States border fence threatens wildlife. Retrieved March 2, 2014, from Nature: http://www.nature.com/news/2011/110802/full/news.2011.452.html Haddal, C., Kim, Y., Garcia, M. (2009, March). Border security: barriers along the U.S. international border. Congressional Research Service report for Congress. RL 33659. Home Office, U. B. (2013). Enrolling Your Biometric Information. Retrieved January 25, 2014, from Home Office, UK Border Agency: http://www.ukba.homeoffice.gov.uk/visas-immigration/studying/adult-students/applying-inside-uk/biometric/ Inda, J. (2006). Border prophylaxis: technology, illegality and the government of immigration. Cultural Dynamics, 18(2), 115-138. Kestelyn, J. (2002). For want of a nail. Intelligent Enterprise, 5(7), 8. Marinucci, C., Martin, M. (2005, April 29). Governor endorses Minutemen on border / He parts with Bush on armed volunteers stopping illegal immigrants in Arizona. Retrieved February 25, 2014, from San Francisco Chronicle: http://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/Governor-endorses-Minutemen-on-border-He-parts-2685866.php Mearsheimer, J. J. (1990). Back to the Future: Instability in Europe after the Cold War. International Security, 15(1), 5-56. Michaelsen, S. (2005). Between Japanese American internment and the USA Patriot Act: the bor-derlands and the permanent state of racial exception. A Journal of Chicano Studies, 30(2), 87-111. Nail, T. (2013). The Crossroads of Power: Michel Foucault and the US/Mexico Border Wall. Foucault Studies, 15, 110-128. Norrell, B. (2007, August 25). Privatizing Misery, Deporting and Imprisoning Migrants for Profit: The Hidden Agenda . Retrieved March 2, 2014, from The Narco News : www.narconews.com/Issue46/article2769.html Office, U. G. (2009). Technology Deployment Delays Persist and the Impact of Border . US Government Accountability Office. Pellegrini, F. (2001, September 28). TIME/CNN Poll: Americans Give Bush a Big Thumbs-Up. Retrieved February 26, 2014, from Time U.S.: http://content.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,176815,00.html Rana, J., Rosas, G. (2006). Managing Crisis Post 9/11 Policing and Empire. Cultural Dynamics, 18(219), 218-234. Salter, M. (2004). Passports, Mobility, and Security: How Smart Can the Border Be? Policy in International Studies, 5(1), 71-91. Schildkraut, D. (2002, September). The More Things Change American Identity and Mass and Elite Responses to 9/11. Political Psychology, 23(3), 511-535. UK Border Agency. (2013). Retrieved March 4, 2014, from Enrolling your Biometric Information: http://www.ukba.homeoffice.gov.uk/visas-immigration/working/tier2/ministerofreligion/applying/biometric/ Zizek, S. (2002). Welcome to the Desert of the Real! Five Essays on 11 September and Related Dates. London and New York: Verso. Zizek, S. (2004). Iraq: The Borrowed Kettle. London and New York: Verso. 1

Saturday, July 20, 2019

Inhibitory Or Excitatory Potential Changes :: Biology Biological Papers

Inhibitory Or Excitatory Potential Changes Graded potentials can be either hyperpolarizations (inhibitory) or depolarizations (excitatory). Inhibitory postsynaptic potential, also referred to as IPSP, is the temporary hyperpolarization of a membrane. An inhibitory postsynaptic potential occurs when synaptic input selectively opens the gates for potassium ions to exit the cell (carrying a positive charge with them) or for the chloride ions to enter the cell (carrying a negative charge with them). Inhibition is not just the absence of excitation, it is an active brake that is able to suppress the excitatory responses from occurring (Kalat, 2004). Excitatory postsynaptic potential, also known as EPSP, is a graded depolarization. As a result of sodium ions enter the cell, excitatory postsynaptic potential occurs. As a result of the synaptic activation, the sodium gates open, allowing an increase in the flow of sodium ions crossing the membrane. Excitatory postsynaptic potential is a subthreshold event that decays over space and time, meaning its magnitude decreases as it travels along the membrane (Kalat, 2004). Lithium has both inhibitory and excitatory features. Evidence has shown that lithium alters sodium transportation (http://www.mentalhealth.com). In the extracelluar fluid lithium may replace sodium. During the process of depolarization lithium has an extremely rapid intracellular influx. Although, it is not effectively removed by the sodium-potassium pump. According to Kalat (2004) the sodium-potassium pump, "[is] a protein complex that repeatedly transports three sodium ions out of the cell while drawing two potassium ions into the cell" (p. 41). As a result, it prevents the cellular reentry of potassium. This interferes with the electrolyte distribution across the neuronal membrane, resulting in a decrease in the membrane potential, changes in conduction and neuronal excitability. As measured by cortical evoked potential, for humans lithium alters the excitability of the central nervous system (http://www.mentalhealth.com). Lithium enhances the uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin into the synaptosomes, thus reducing their action. Lithium also reduces the release of norepinephrine from synaptic vesicles and inhibits production of cAMP. "Lithium inhibits the synthesis of cAMP by the adenylyl cyclase in many brain regions, including the cerebral cortex, caudate, and hippocampus, but not the brain stem or cerebellum" (Feldman, Meyer & Quenzer, 1997). "The inhibitory action of lithium on NE-sensitive adenylyl cyclase is a consistent finding, but lithium clearly has distinctive effects on the adenylyl cyclase that is coupled with receptors

Justice in Oedpius the King :: Oedipus the King Oedipus Rex

Justice in Oedpius the King      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Oedipus is not formally charged with any crimes.   He does manage however to commit incest, and murder.  Ã‚   His father is cursed.   The curse states that his son will kill him and marry his wife.   These facts are discovered in the introductory, "...if laius , king of thebes, had a son by jocasta, his queen, that son would kill his father and marry his mother. Laius in light of these facts has Oedipus abandoned as a child.   Another family raises him as their own.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Oedipus was on his way to town when he encountered a carriage. Some negative events transpired and Oedipus kills the entire caravan.   He continues on towards the city only to find that a sphinx was terrorizing the city with a riddle.   It killed every man that answered the riddle incorrectly.   Oedipus arrived at the solution and saves the city.   He   is immediately proclaimed King.   He does not know he has killed the former King nor do the people.   He marries the queen which just happens to be his biological mother and has children by her.   " ...child of impurity, begetter in the same seed that created my wretched self."      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Oedipus does not try to defend his actions.   In fact he blames himself as quoted from the story "Light of the sun, let me look upon you no more after today!   I who first saw you the light bred of a match accursed, and accursed ." The consequences of his actions are harsh.   He stabs his own eyes out and his wife/mother took her own life.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Justice is defined as "the abstract principle by which right and

Friday, July 19, 2019

Reflection on a Significant Incident from Practice Essay -- Nursing Re

Introduction Ethics can be defined as a system of moral conduct and principles that guide a person’s actions in regard to what are considered to be right and wrong (Marquis & Huston, 2012). Nurse managers make decisions each day about their patients, their employees and their organization. According to Marquis & Huston (2012), management is a discipline not a profession and because of that management lacks the set of norms to guide ethical decision making. Therefore managers’ decisions are made based upon the organization’s values and ethical principles. The American Nurse Association (ANA) code of ethics is a set of principles that help both nurses and nurse managers to solve ethical problems. This paper will discuss a case study involving the unsafe practice of a student nurse in clinical and the professional responsibility of the hospital and the nursing school. In addition, the Moral Decision Making Model will be applied to the ethical scenario and two ethical principles that are appropriate for this scenario will be identified. This is a case study of a student nurse whose performance in clinical is unsafe. According to Killam, Montgomery, Luhanga, Adamic, & Carter (2010), an unsafe student is defined as a student who performances in clinical place the client or staff in either physical or emotional jeopardy. From the case study from NetCE (2014), JC is a senior nursing student who chose the intensive care unit (ICU) to complete her university nursing program requirement of a 200 hour practicum. Within the first week of the 6 week practicum, JC’s preceptor reported to the ICU nurse manager that JC dresses inappropriately for work, has an arrogant attitude towards staff members, and is always discussing the amount of money... ...s of unsafe nursing students in clinical learning. International Journal of Nursing Education Scholarship, 7(1), 1p. Killam, L. A., Luhanga, F., & Bakker, D. (2011). Characteristics of unsafe undergraduate nursing students in clinical practice: An integrative literature review. Journal of Nursing Education, 50(8), 437-446. NetCE. (2014). Course # 3707 ethical decision making. Retrieved from http://www.netce.com/casestudies.php?courseid=700 Marquis, B. L., & Huston, C. J. (2012). Leadership Roles and Management Functions in Nursing: Theory and Application. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins McNamara, S. (2012). Incivility in nursing: unsafe nurse, unsafe patients. AORN Journal, 95(4), 535-540 Scanlan, J., Care, W., & Gessler, S. (2001). Dealing with the unsafe student in clinical practice. Nurse Educator, 26(1), 23-27.

Thursday, July 18, 2019

Dramatic Iron In Tragedy Essay

Dramatic irony is endemic in the experience of the tragedy; people get shocked when tragedy strikes but they will murmur underneath that they had seen it coming though the victims did realize it. Neighbors and friends read signs of death, they are afraid to it directly or try to tell it indirectly and the victims can not believe or just cannot understand. Tragedy sometimes strikes when least expected, Lindsay a beautiful young Woman of two, separated from her husband because he abused her physically, her estranged her husband did not accept the separation though it was authorized by a local judge. He visited her house often and without notifying her in advance, he claimed that house was still his home because they had bought the house together before he started in drinking before that ruined their relationship and turned their home into a battle field. Lindsay had no problem with that he was still the father of her children, though she no longer loved him, in fact she was seeing granted so that they could marry. She knew Andy would be jealousy if he got a wind that there was another man in her life but didn’t think much about it and when Andy bumped on them kissing on the coach, she didn’t think there was anything to worry about, furthermore they had decided that they should move on, in the best way each one knew. Andy reacted coolly, and seemed to be okay as the shook hands with Lindsay’s new man, she was surprised by his calmness and understanding. When Andy offered to take Lindsay and their children out for dinner, she suggested that her new boyfriend should also as he had already met him and even implied that if he was seeing someone he should also come with her. It didn’t seem to be a good ideal to her man but she managed to convince him and together they left in Andy’s car towards a local restaurant. Andy was quite jovial through out the evening, talking nostalgically of the old times they had shared as a family, he made it clear that he was fine and would respect. Lindsay’s decision to move on, he promised to help hasten the divorce to set her free. Andy drove his family and their new friend home, but as soon as he parked the car, he left outside and he held a pistol in hands he pulled he trigger and shot Lindsay and her man as he mocked them, telling them they can marry in hell. Luckily he did not kill his children but he turned the pistol to it and placed it on hid head, pulled the trigger and died on the spot. Lindsay was dead, her children became orphans, and she knew that Andy still bred her; some of her friends had warned her that it was too soon to enter into another relationship but she had not hindered their advice. They knew Andy would get crazy with jealousy, some of them would not even believe that he had not started a fight with Lindsay’s boyfriend on the first day he savo together. Family members must have worried about Andy’s welfare especially after they realized that Lindsay was saving someone else, they knew how possessive he was with her, the guessed that he could harm the man they knew that there was no way to take the pain and reaction he felt and so they just waited for time to heal his wounds. However, tragedy struck and all they could now say was they had seen it coming. Most tragedies that happen are as a result of all careless mistakes for instance when someone dies in road accident, people will always say they knew it would happen, may be they will talk about his careless and fast driving or say that he left very angry or struck, they saw him getting into the vehicle but did not stop him and he goes and trashes and dies. In every tragedy there is dramatic irony, and no matter how many tragedies strike people are always shocked and they never learn to stop the. Dramatic irony s endemic in the experience of tragedy, think of the humblest that killed may in the united states, the US had now with Iraq, they knew they would strike them but did not take much precautions neither did they try to stop them, until the tragedy struck. When a bus gets involved in an accident, the lucky passengers that bus had been driving careless before the us crashed, they will have felt it before it happens but do nothing to stop it. I can use this to justify that dramatic irony is endemic in the experience of tragedy, and it will always be, no matter how hard we try. References Barnard B. A and Winn F. (2005); Access to Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry and Drama; Amazon publishers, New York Diayanni R. (1997); Literature: Reading Fiction, Poetry, drama and the Essay Amazon publishers, New York Dawson C. and Flood J. (2000); Spotlight on Literature; McMillan series Kennedy X. J and Gioia D. (2004); Literature: An introduction to Fiction, Poetry and drama Interactive edition 9th Edition. Royle T. ; (1999); Scottish Literature: McMillan series -Introduction to Literature: McMillan series -Enjoying Literature: McMillan series -Understanding Literature: McMillan series -American Literature: McMillan series English and Western Literature: McMillan series

Wednesday, July 17, 2019

Carrie Chapter Twelve

Tommy suggested they s authorize at the Kelly harvest after and grab a go d receive pat(p)st directs beer and a burger. All the former(a) kids would be going to West e corporealwhere or Lewiston, and they would induct the ramble to themselves. Carries pre move fit up, he said. She t doddery him that would be fine. Just fine.This is the girl they nutriment beat a monster. I loss you to keep that firmly in mind. The girl who could be sitisfied with a hamburger and a dime base beer after her unperturbed school dance so her milliampere wouldnt be worried.. .The first thing that enamored Carrie when they walked in was Glamour. Not glamour further Glamour. Beautiful shadows rustled ab emerge in chiffon, lace, silk, satin. The sort was redolent with the odour of f woefulers, the nose was ever amazed by it. Girls in lopes with low confirms, with scooped bodices showing actual cleavage, with Empire waists. immense skirts, pumps. Blinding white dinner jackets, cumberbunds , blackenness shoes that had been spitshined.A few batch were on the dance account, non some(prenominal) yet, and in the quiet revolving gloom they were wraiths with disc everyplace substance. She did not re totallyy want to see them as her classmates. She valued them to be beautiful strangers.Tommys establish was firm on her elbow. The murals nice, he said.Yes, she hold faintly.It had taken on a soft nether v suggestd under the chromatic spots, the boatman leaning with eternal sloth against his tiller involution the sunset blazed rough him and the buildings conspired to packher over urban water supplys. She knew with gruffness and ease that this moment would be with her al demeanors, in spite of appearance hands reach of memory.She doubted if they all sensed it they had seen the world- plainly level George was silent for a minute as they looked, and the scone, the smell, even the sound of the hardening compete a faintly recognizable scene theme, was locked forever in her, and she was at peace. Her somebody knew a moments calm, as if it had been uncrumpled and smoothed under an iron.V George yelled suddenly, and led Frieda disclose on to the floor. He began to do a sarmoldic jitterbug to the old-timey big- circumstances music, and someone cat adverted over to him. George blabbered, leered, and went into a brief arms-crossed Cossack routine that nearly landed him on his exclusivelyt.Carrie smiled. George is funny, she said.Sure he is. Hes a good guy. There argon lots of good people somewhat. requi perplexe to sit run through?Yes, she said gratefully.He went back to the door and re sullen with Norma Watson, whose hair had been pulled into a coarse, teased explosion for the affair.Its on the other SIDE, she said, and her bright gerbels eye picked Carrie up and down, look for an exposed strap, an eruption of pimples, any intelligence activity to carry back to the door when her errand was done. Thats a LOVELY dress, Carrie. Where did you EVER get it?Carrie told her while Norma led them close to the dance floor to their sidestep. She exuded odours of Avon soap, Woolworths perfume, and Juicy Fruit gum.There were ii folding chairs at the table (looped and beribboned with the fatal crepe idea), and the table itself was decked with crepe paper in the school colours. On top was a candle in a wine nursing bottle, a dance programme, a tiny gilded pencil, and two company favours gondolas filled with Planters Mixed Nuts.I cant get OVER it, Norma was saying. You look so DIFFERENT. She cast an odd, furtive look at Carries face and it made her receive nervous. Youre positively GLOWING. Whats your mystifying?Im Don MacLeans secret lover, Carrie said. Tommy sniggered and quickly surround it. Normas smile slipped a notch, and Carrie was amazed by her own wit and audacity. Thats what you looked wish well when the waggishness was on you. As though a bee had stung your rear end. Carrie found she care Norma to loo k that office. It was distinctly unchristian.Well, I lose to get back, she said. Isnt it EXCITING, Tommy? Her smile was sympathetic Wouldnt it be exciting if-Cold sweat is ravel down my thighs in rivers, Tommy said gravely.Norma left over(p) with an odd, puzzled smile. It had not at peace(p) the way things were supposed to go. Everyone knew how things were supposed to go with Carrie. Tommy sniggered again.Would you standardised to dance? he asked.She didnt k direct how, moreover wasnt ready to admit to that yet. Lets just sit for a minute.While he held out her chair, she saw the candle and asked Tommy if he would swingy it. He did. Their eyeball met over its flame. He reached out and took her hand. And the band played on.From The tint Exploded (pp. 133-134)Perhaps a love study of Carries mother will be undertaken someday, when the subject of Carrie herself becomes more academic. I myself great exponent attempt it, if only to gain entranceway to the Brigham, family tree . It business leader be extremely arouse to get by what odd occurrences one might come crossways two or three generations backAnd at that place is, of course, the experience that Carrie went home on Prom Night. why? It is hard to tell just how fairish Carries motives were by that time. She may have gone for absolution and forgiveness, or she may have gone for the express purpose of committing matricide. In any event, the physical evidence seems to indicate that Margaret White was waiting for herThe house was in all silent.She was gone.At night.Gone.Margaret White walked slowly from her bedroom into the nourishment room. First had come the extend of beginning and the filthy fantasies the commove sent with it. and then this hellish Power the Devil had given to her. It came at the time of the blood and the time of hair on the body, of course. Oh, she knew just about the Power. Her own grandmother had it. She had been able to light the fireplace without even stirring from her place of origin by the window. It made her eyes gleam with(thou shalt not suffer a spellbind to live)a kind of witchs light. And sometimes, at the s fastness table the sugar bowl would whirl diabolically like a dervish. Whenever it happened, Gram would utter crazily and drool and make the theater of the Evil Eye all rough her. Sometimes she panted like a frump on a hot day, and when she died of a heart attack at sixty-six, gaga to the point of idiocy even at that early age, Carrie had not even been a twelvemonth old. Margaret had gone into her bedroom not four weeks after Grams funeral and there her girl-child had lain in her crib, laughing and gurgling, watching a bottle that was dangling in thin air over her psyche.Margaret had to the highest degree killed her then. Ralph had stopped her.She should not have let him stop her. flat Margaret White stood in the middle of the living room. Christ on Calvary looked down at her with his wounded, suffering, reproachful eyes . The Black woodwind instrument cuckoo measure ticked. It was ten proceeding after eight.She had been able to feel, actually feel the Devils Power working in Carrie. It crawled all over you, lifting and pulling like evil, tickling little fingers. She had set out to do her duty again when Carrie was three, when she had caught her looking in sin at the Devils slut in the next yard over. Then the stones had come, and she had weakened. And the power had risen again, after thirteen years. immortal was not mocked.First the blood, then the power,(you mansion house your name you sign it in blood)now a male child and dancing and he would take her to a roadhouse after, take her into the lay lot, take her into the back seat, take her Blood, voguish blood. Blood was forever and a day at the root of it, and only blood could expiate it.She was a big woman with massive upper arms that had swarfed her elbows to dimples, but her head was amazingly small on the end of her strong, pile neck. It had once been a beautiful face. It was still beautiful in a weird, burning way. But the eyes had taken on a strange, wandering cast, and the lines had deepened cruelly around the denying but oddly weak back talk. Her hair, which had been almost all black a year ago, was now almost white.The only way to kill sin, true black sin, was to cover it in the blood of(she must be sacrificed)a repentant heart. Surely beau ideal understood that, and had laid His finger upon her. Had not God Himself commanded Abraham to take his son Isaac up upon the mountain?She shuffled out into the kitchen in her old and splayed slippers, and opened the kitchen utensil drawer. The knife they apply for carving was long and sharp and arciform in the middle from constant honing. She sat down on the high pot by the counter, found the sliver of whetstone in its small aluminium dish, and began to scrub it on the gleaming edge of the blade with the apathetic, fixated wariness of the damned.The Black Fo rest cuckoo clock ticked and ticked and finally the bird jumped out to call once and announce eight-thirty.In her mouth she tasted olives.THE SENIOR CLASS PRESENTS SPRING egg 79May 27,1979 Music by The Billy Bosman, BandMusic by Josie and the MoonglowsENTERTAINMENTCabaret Baton Twirling by Sandra Stenchfield five hundred MilesLemon TreeMr Tambourine ManFolk Music by canful Swithen and Maureen Cowan The Street Where You LiveRaindrops Keep Fallin on My HeadEwen High School Chorus duo Over Troubled WatersCHAPERONESMr Stephens, omit Geer, Mr and Mrs Lublin, Miss DesjardinCoronation at 1000 P.M.Remember, its YOUR mall make it one to remember alwaysWhen he asked her the third time, Carrie had to admit that she didnt distinguish how to dance. She didnt add that, now that the rock band had taken over for a half-hour set, she would feel out of place gyrating on the floor.(and sinful)yes, and sinful.Tommy nodded, then smiled. He leaned forward and told her that he hated to dance. Would she like to go around and visit some of the other tables? consternation rose thickly in her throat, but she nodded. Yes, that would be nice. He was seeing to her. She must see to him (even if he in reality did not expect it) that was part of the deal. And she felt dusted over with the enchantment of the evening. She was suddenly hopeful that no one would stick out a foot or slyly cattle ranch a kick-me-hard sign on her back or suddenly squirt water in her face from a variety carnation and retreat cackling while everyone laughed and pointed and catcalled.And if there was enchantment, it was not divine but pagan.Carrie? a voice said hesitantly.She had been so imprisoned up in watching the band and the dance floor and the other tables that she hadnt seen anyone glide slope at all. Tommy had gone to get them punch.She turned around and saw Miss Desjardin.For a moment the two of them merely looked at each other, and the memory travelled mingled with them, com(she saw me she saw me naked and utter and bloody)without words or thought. It was in the eyes.Then Carrie said shyly You look very pretty, Miss Desjardin.She did. She was milled in a glimmering silver sheath, a perfective complement to her blonde hair, which was up. A unprejudiced pendant hung around her neck. She looked very teenaged, young enough to be attending or else than chaperoning.Thank you. She hesitated, then put a gloved hand on Carries arm. You are beautiful, she said, and each word carried a gay emphasis.Carrie felt herself blushing again and dropped her eyes to the table. Its detestablely nice of you to say so. I know Im not not really but thank you anyway.Its true, Desjardin said. Carrie, anything that happened before well, its all forgotten. I precious you to know that.I cant result it, Carrie said- She looked up. The words that rose to her lips were I dont blame anyone any more. She bit them off. It was a lie. She blamed them all and always would, and she wanted more than an ything else to be honest. But its over with. Now its over with.Miss Desjardin smiled, and her eyes seemed to catch and hold the soft flick of lights in an almost liquid sparkling. She looked across toward the dance floor, and Carrie followed her gaze.I remember my own prom, Desjardin said softly. I was two inches taller than the boy I went with when I was in my heels. He gave me a corsage that clashed with my gown. The tailpipe was broken on his car and the engine made oh, an awful racket But it was magic, I dont know why. But Ive never had a date like it, ever again. She looked at Carrie. Is it like that for you?Its very nice, Carrie said.And is that all?No. Theres more. I couldnt tell it all. Not to anybody.Desjardin smiled and squeezed her arm. Youll never forget it, she said. Never.I think youre right.Have a lovely time, Carrie.Thank you.Tommy came up with two Dude cups of punch as Desjardin left, walk of life around the dance floor toward the chaperones table.What did she wa nt? he asked, putting the Dude caps down carefully.Carrie, looking after her, said I think she wanted to say she was sorry.(momma loosen your apron strings im getting big)and she wanted it that way.Look, he said as they got up. devil or three stagehands were sliding the powerfulness and Queen thrones from the wings while Mr Lavoie, the head custodian, directed them with hand motions toward preset mark on the apron. She thought they looked quite Arthurian, those thrones, dressed all in blinding white, strewn with real flowers as well as huge crepe banners.Theyre beautiful, she said.Youre beautiful, Tommy said, and she became quite sure that secret code bad could happen this night possibly they themselves might even be voted ability and Queen of the Prom. She smiled at her own folly.It was ix oclock.Sue Snell sat quietly in the living room of her house, hemming a dress and listening to the Jefferson Airplane Long John Silver album. It was old and badly scratched, but soothing. Her mother and father had gone out for the evening. They knew what was going on, she was sure of that, but they had spared her the ball up talks about how proud they were of Their Girl, or how fleur-de-lis they were that she was finally Growing Up. She was glad they had decided to leave her alone, because she was still awkward about her own motives and afraid to demonstrate them too deeply, lest she discover a gemstone of selfishness glowing and winking at her from the black velvet of her subconscious.

Limitations
 of the BCG model Essay

The BCG manikin is criticised for having a number of limitations (Kotler 2003 McDonald 2003)There be otherwise reasons other than relative foodstuff divide and foodstuff harvest-feast that could influence the allocation of resources to a crossroad or SBU reasons such as the need for sound brand name and product positioning could fasten resource allocation to an SBU or product (Drummond & Ensor 2004).What is more, the toughie rests on net immediate payment consumption or generation as the fundamental portfolio balancing criterion. That is give up only in a superior encumber environment. In modern economies, with relatively frictionless capital f minors, this is non the appropriate metric to apply rather, risk-adjusted discounted bullion flows should be used (ManyWorlds 2005).Also, the hyaloplasm assumes products/business units are independent of each other, and independent of assets outside of the business. In other words, there is no provision for synergism among products/business units. This is rarely realistic.The relationship between cash flow and market place share whitethorn be weak due to a number of factors including (Cipher 2006) competitors may have access to lower cost materials misrelated to their relative share position low market share producers may be on perpendicular experience curves due to superior production applied science and strategic factors other than relative market share may affect benefit margins.In addition, the growth-share matrix is based on the assumption that high evaluate of growth use large cash resources and that adulthood of the life cycle brings about the expected profit returns. This may be incorrect due to miscellaneous reasons (Cipher 2006) capital intensity may be low and the business/product could be grown without major cash outlay high entry barriers may exist so margins may be sustainable and big enough to produce a convinced(p) cash flow and a growth at the same time and industry overca pacity and price contender may depress prices in maturity.Furthermore, market growth is not the only factor or necessarily the most important factor when assessing the attractiveness of a market. A fast growing market is not necessarily an attractive unmatched. Growth markets attract wise entrants and if capacity exceeds demand then the market may become a low margin one and therefore unattractive. A high growth market may lack size and stability.Given the aforementioned(prenominal) weaknesses, the BCG Growth-Share matrix must be used with bearing nonetheless, it is a best-known business portfolio evaluation modelling (Kotler 2003).